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Humanities and Science University Journal № 68 (Philology and Archaeology, World History, Art History), 2022

The Motive of Servility in F. M. Dostoevsky’s Novels “The Gambler” and “The Adolescent”

Elena U. Safronova, Sofya A. Glushkova
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 DOI:10.25807/22225064_2022_68_215
Abstract. The research aims to investigate the theme of servility in the novels “The Gambler” and “The Adolescent” by F. M. Dostoevsky through a comparative analysis of the images of Alexei Ivanovich and Arkady Dolgoruky. In this work, we understand servility not in terms of occupation (a servant), but as a knowingly chosen type of external behaviour and way of thinking. These two incarnations of servility are closely interconnected and suggest a movement from external servility to internal one as a type of mindset. The fi rst type may be contingent on the infl uence of social conditions, fi nancial trouble, occupational belonging (teacher Alexei Ivanovich) or genotype (Arkady’s illegitimacy). Dostoevsky’s heroes see the way to get rid of servility in the idea of owning capital, which is supposedly capable of giving a social status, respect in society and success among women. However, from the author’s point of view, such a path is illusory: only strength of character, inner motivation, constant moral self-improvement, love and friendship of loved ones help to “squeeze out a slave drop by drop”, outlining the path 
of moral self-improvement of the individual.
Keywords: F. M. Dostoevsky, “The Gambler” novel, “The Adolescent” novel, motive of servility
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