The article analyses the historical and philosophical foundations of the social activities
of the Russian writer and prison expert V. A. Sollogub (1813–1882). He researched the
penitentiary system with a view to its further reform. The author makes a comparison of
the scientiƆc methodology, philosophical intuition and socially signiƆcant results of the
works of V. A. Sollogub with the activities of the English philanthropist John Howard
(1726–1790). The author emphasises the characteristic features of the Russian approach to the problems of the penitentiary system, and makes a conclusion about the historical continuity of the Russian and European philosophical thought on the correction of criminals.
Key words: history, philosophy of science, V. А. Sollogub, John Howard, prison,
charity, penitentiary system, prison studies, tolerance.
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