Abstract. The problem of women’s participation in social life has always worried scientists
and philosophers. Russian thinkers of the 19th and early 20th centuries often turned to the analysis of the image of the feminine element. This article explores how the idea of the maternal principle, sacralisation of women, the role of a woman in a patriarchal family is reflected in the works of Russian thinkers. The problems of modernity related to gender contradictions are not new, which becomes obvious due to a retrospective review of the works of Russian philosophers. Studying the problem in this way made it possible to reveal that the doctrine of femininity is associated with the basic concepts of Russian culture, which are embodied through religious and moral aspects. It is they who determine the specifics of Russian national identity. The philosophy of femininity and its connection with Russian national identity are considered from a historiosophical position.
Keywords: Russian philosophy, femininity, sex, gender, nature, society, family, motherhood
