The development of personality is inseparable from the development of thinking
and judgment, which a student acquires in the process of cognition. To resolve the contradictions, to consider the problems inherent in the educational process, the article proposes the ideas of classical philosophy. The analytic and synthetic ways of cognition, the principle of contradiction, problematic issues make it possible, on the one hand, to consider the reasons for the problems of the cognition process, and on the other hand, to outline ways to resolve them. Thus, the logic of the cognition process itself is involved, where thought begins to work with the formulation of questions, identiBcation of contradictions, and the nature of the knower.
Key words: cognition, concept, analytical cognition, synthetic cognition, contradiction,
subject of cognition, didactic system.
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