The article is devoted to the historical and philosophical foundations of Plotinusʼ
doctrine of the One. Plotinusʼ henology is seen as a dialectic of the One and non-being.
Based on this, the author refers to the previous teachings about non-being. The source
of the non-being problem in Greek thought is the philosophy of the pre-Socratics. The
emphasis is on the teachings of Heraclitus, Parmenides, Democritus and Gorgias. It is
shown that this aspect of the pre-Socratic teachings can be interpreted as a historical and philosophical foundation of Plotinusʼ henology.
Key words: non-being, Neoplatonism, Plotinus, pre-Socratics, henology.
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