P. N. Aleshin
Price: 50 руб.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25807/PBH.22225064.2019.50.53.61
Created in 1864, local governments — zemstvos, had to create, develop, control
many areas of local life: education, health, beautifi cation, veterinary medicine etc.
One of these areas was the support of local handicrafts, which were rather diverse
(from the manufacture of agricultural tools to wooden dish cutting), and were
widespread in all the provinces of the Empire. However, the importance of main-
taining the handicrafts in the zemstvos was not immediately recognized. Initially,
the activity of zemstvo institutions was focused on establishment of medical and
educational systems, and only having suffered the problems of crop failures and,
as a result, hunger among the peasant population, the zemstvo institutions realized
the need to help the crafts, which were a great support in the peasant economy. The
targeted assistance to the handicrafts industry began in the 1890-s, but it was of
only one-time assistance. The system of measures in most provinces was adopted
only at the beginning of the twentieth century. Small handicraft producers were
given loans, they were granted help in the sale of products; they brought around
and introduced new technologies, trained their staff. Consequently, all this led to an
increase in the commodity turnover and higher profi tability of artisanal activities.
Keywords: zemstvo selfgovernment bodies, handicraft industry, support, exhibitions,
sale warehouses.
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