The work is dedicated to the phenomenology of violations in ideas about friendly relations among younger schoolchildren (9–11 years old) with a mild delay in mental development and mental retardation. The authors study the image of a friend – those personal traits and social characteristics that a friend should have – and describe children’s ideas about the system of friendly relations – mutual assistance, friendship rules and the emotional component. As a result, the research reveals the main parameters describing younger schoolchildren’s ideas about friendly relations. The authors consider the features of the phenomenology of violations of friendly relations among 9–11-year-old children with various degrees of mental retardation.
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